Shiva and parvati story
Lord Shiva is central to numerous myths and legends that convey profound moral and philosophical lessons. Two key stories are particularly significant:. These stories not only entertain but also impart essential teachings about life, responsibility, and the interconnectedness of existence. The Trimurti consists of three principal deities: Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva, each representing a crucial aspect of the cosmic cycle.
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This cycle of creation, preservation, and destruction is essential for maintaining the cosmic order. Lord Shiva is worshipped through various rituals and practices, with devotees expressing their reverence in numerous ways. For example, in the Hanuman Chalisa , Hanuman is identified as the eleventh avatar of Shiva. Maha Shivaratri is a major Hindu festival, but one that is solemn and theologically marks a remembrance of "overcoming darkness and ignorance" in life and the world, [ ] and meditation about the polarities of existence, of Shiva and a devotion to humankind.
Others visit one of the Shiva temples or go on pilgrimage to Jyotirlingam shrines. Those who visit temples, offer milk, fruits, flowers, fresh leaves and sweets to the lingam. Another major festival involving Shiva worship is Kartik Purnima , commemorating Shiva's victory over the three demons known as Tripurasura. Across India, various Shiva temples are illuminated throughout the night.
Shiva icons are carried in procession in some places. Thiruvathira is a festival observed in Kerala dedicated to Shiva. It is believed that on this day, Parvati met Shiva after her long penance and Shiva took her as his wife. The festival is one where both the Vaishnava and Shaiva communities join the celebrations, because Vishnu gives away his sister Minakshi in marriage to Shiva.
Some Shaktism-related festivals revere Shiva along with the goddess considered primary and Supreme. These include festivals dedicated to Annapurna such as Annakuta and those related to Durga. The ascetic, Vedic and Tantric sub-traditions related to Shiva, such as those that became ascetic warriors during the Islamic rule period of India, [ ] [ ] celebrate the Kumbha Mela festival.
The biggest is in Prayaga renamed Allahabad during the Mughal rule era , where millions of Hindus of different traditions gather at the confluence of rivers Ganges and Yamuna. In the Hindu tradition, the Shiva-linked ascetic warriors Nagas get the honor of starting the event by entering the Sangam first for bathing and prayers. The three-day Shivarathri celebration at the temple is attended by around , people.
Batara Guru's wife in Southeast Asia is the same Hindu deity Durga , who has been popular since ancient times, and she too has a complex character with benevolent and fierce manifestations, each visualized with different names such as Uma, Sri, Kali and others. In the classic book that is used as a reference for the puppeteers, it is said that Sanghyang Manikmaya or Batara Guru was created from a sparkling light by Sang Hyang Tunggal, along with the blackish light which is the origin of Ismaya.
The Indonesian Hindu texts present the same philosophical diversity of Shaivite traditions found in the Indian subcontinent. However, among the texts that have survived into the contemporary era, the more common are of those of Shaiva Siddhanta locally also called Siwa Siddhanta, Sridanta. During the pre-Islamic period on the island of Java , Shaivism and Buddhism were considered very close and allied religions, though not identical religions.
Shaivism was also popular in Sogdia and the Kingdom of Yutian as found from the wall painting from Penjikent on the river Zervashan. In Kizil Caves in Xinjiang , there are numerous caves that depict Shiva in the buddhist shrines through wall paintings. The god enjoys an exalted position as a household deity in Japan and is worshipped as the god of wealth and fortune.
In contemporary culture, Shiva is depicted in art, films, and books. He has been referred to as "the god of cool things" [ ] and a "bonafide rock hero". Mahadev — , a television serial about Shiva on the Life OK channel was among the most watched shows at its peak popularity. Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk. Read View source View history.
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Download as PDF Printable version. In other projects. Wikimedia Commons Wikiquote Wikisource Wikidata item. Major deity in Hinduism. This article is about the Hindu god. For other uses, see Shiva Judaism and Shiva disambiguation. For other uses, see Nilkanth disambiguation and Manjunatha disambiguation. Trimurti Ishvara Parabrahman Paramatman Shaivism.
Monday Thrayodashi. Kartikeya son [ 11 ] Ganesha son [ 12 ] See list of others. Scriptures and texts. Etymology and other names. Main article: Shiva Sahasranama. Historical development and literature. See also: History of Shaivism. Assimilation of traditions. See also: Roots of Hinduism. Indus Valley and the Pashupati seal.
Main article: Pashupati seal. Proto-Indo-European elements. Self-realization and Shaiva Upanishads He who sees himself in all beings, And all beings in him, attains the highest Brahman , not by any other means. Main article: Shaivism. Main article: Panchayatana puja. Main article: Trimurti. Shiva is represented in his many aspects. Shiva is depicted both as an ascetic mendicant left as Bhikshatana and as a householder with his wife Parvati and sons Ganesha and Kartikeya right.
Main article: Lingam. Main article: Maha Shivaratri. Maha Shivaratri festival is observed in the night, usually in lighted temples or special prabha above. Beyond the Indian subcontinent and Hinduism. The two are at the bottom right of the bottom image. Shiva has been merged with Buddhist deities in East Asian Buddhism.
Acala is a fierce Shiva adaptation in both China and Japan [ ]. See Chidbhavananda , p. The term "Mesolithic" is not a useful term for the periodization of the South Asian Stone Age, as certain tribes in the interior of the Indian subcontinent retained a mesolithic culture into the modern period, and there is no consistent usage of the term.
The range 12,—4, Before Present is based on the combination of the ranges given by Agrawal et al. Agrawal et al. Langhnaj, Bagor, Bhimbetka , Adamgarh, Lekhahia, etc. Out of these forms of Shakti, Parvati is considered the main consort of Shiva. For an overview of the Rudra-Fire complex of ideas, see: Kramrisch , pp.
Kali hindu god: Shiva (/ ˈʃɪvə /; Sanskrit: शिव, lit. 'The Auspicious One', IAST: Śiva [ɕɪʋɐ]), also known as Mahadeva (/ məˈhɑː ˈdeɪvə /; Sanskrit: महादेव: lit. 'The Great God', IAST: Mahādevaḥ, [mɐɦaːd̪eːʋɐh) [15][16][17] or Hara, [18] is one of the principal deities of Hinduism. [19].
Indian Civilization and Culture. Publications Pvt. ISBN Mallinson ; Varenne , pp. Encyclopedia of World Religions. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. Archived from the original on 30 October Retrieved 30 October Mallinson ; Varenne , p. Tantra: Cult of the Feminine. Weiser Books. Archived from the original on 31 March Retrieved 2 July Meenakshi Prakashan.
Animals Into Art. Retrieved 30 January For a drawing of the seal see Figure 1 in Flood , p. Res: Anthropology and Aesthetics. ISSN S2CID Rowman Altamira. Archived from the original on 20 January Woodard University of Illinois Press. The Book of Shiva. Penguin Books. Bruce JSTOR Palgrave Macmillan. Retrieved 6 October Palmer Dionysus: Myth and Cult.
Indiana University Press. Retrieved 8 June Agni and Others".
Archived from the original on 25 March Retrieved 6 June Oxford University Press US. Archived from the original on 1 October Retrieved 2 September The Times of India. Roles and Functions: Shiva is revered as the destroyer of ignorance and the transformer of the universe. He is associated with asceticism, meditation, yoga, and various forms of spiritual practice.
Despite his destructive aspect, Shiva is also regarded as benevolent and compassionate, bestowing blessings upon his devotees. Worship and Festivals: Shiva is worshipped by millions of devotees around the world, particularly in India and Nepal. His worship takes various forms, including elaborate rituals, devotional songs, and meditative practices.
Maha Shivaratri, the Great Night of Shiva, is one of the most important festivals dedicated to him, during which devotees observe fasts, perform prayers, and participate in religious ceremonies. Literature and Iconography: The history of Lord Shiva is also deeply intertwined with Hindu scriptures such as the Vedas, the Puranas, the Mahabharata, and the Ramayana, as well as with classical texts like the Shiva Purana and the Linga Purana.
For without destruction, the universe would remain in a state of mediocrity. His powers are mainly in destruction and recreation. In terms of destruction, he was such a fierce deity that it took the combined pleas of several gods to stop him from going on a voilent rampage.
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His area of control was not just in the physical realm. It is believed that Shiva has the ability to destroy the illusions and the lies we hold in our minds. He does this by stepping on a dwarf called Apasmara Purusha. Hindus also believe that every time he destroys the universe, he creates a new and far better one; in the process, he gets rid of the flaws of this world.
In no way is the destruction carried out in an unplanned manner; it is carefully calculated and constructive, happening once every 2,,, years, according to Hindu religious texts. Aside from being an agent of change, Shiva also has massive amounts of good in him. He has been described as a very benevolent god who blesses his followers.
In some cases he has had to be restrained by other gods, least he destroyed everything in his path. According to some accounts, Shiva is sometimes a complete hedonist, engaging in all sorts of worldly pleasures. This uncontrolled passion can be dangerous or violent at times. His wife Parvati, is often the one who calms him down, giving him a balanced demeanor.
In other cases, he avoids all earthly pleasures, preferring to remain an ascetic. It is believed that he meditates for years and years until he becomes fully happy. Shiva meaning and origins Shiva depicted in a sitting position.
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For some Hindu sects, Shiva is the primary god. Those sects are referred to as Shaivism. Typically, Shiva is depicted as half-naked man with blue face and neck. As it was common with many Hindu deities, Shiva possessed several arms. His hair is tied in a knot — a symbolic reference to the famous Ganges River. In some cases, he has been depicted with a white body.
In other cases, he has the body of man from head to waist, and the body of woman from waist to toes. The feminine half is usually depicted as Parvati, his wife. This further reinforces the notion of equality Hindus attach to men and women. Generally beside his wife, Parvati, Shiva often sits in a yoga position. Owing to this, he is seen as the patron god of yoga and meditation.