Maria montessori biography timeline
In Montessori became one of the first Italian women ever to obtain a medical degree. As a doctor her interests led her to join a research programme at the Psychiatric Clinic of the University of Rome, where she came to work with differently abled children. Through her in depth research, observation and analysis, Montessori developed a pedagogical approach which resulted in incredible outcomes for these children.
At just 28 she addressed medical and pedagogical congresses, advocating for greater support for children with such difficulties and putting forward the controversial notion of education for social reform.
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While her work in this area received a great deal of acclaim, Maria Montessori discovered her techniques were applicable for use with all children, with extremely successful outcomes. She was the only child of Alessandro and Renilde Montessori. Her father was a prominent government official, while her mother, who came from the Stopani family, had a strong emphasis on science and education.
Maria's uncle, Antonio Stopani, was a theologian, mathematician, and educator, who even has a monument dedicated to him in Milan. Despite her exceptional abilities, Maria's mother had to confine herself to domestic life.
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However, she raised Maria in strict Catholic traditions while encouraging her creative abilities and fostering her independence. During her school years, Maria developed a love for mathematics, influenced by her uncle Antonio. At the age of twelve, after numerous petitions, Maria was admitted to a technical school for boys. She earned out of possible points upon graduation and later enrolled in the Polytechnic Institute to study mathematics and natural sciences.
However, Maria developed a deep interest in biology and decided to pursue medicine. At the time, it was highly unconventional for a woman to study medicine.
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Eventually, her family's reputation helped her gain admission to the University of Rome. While studying, Maria began her practical medical work with children who had developmental disabilities. It was during this time that the basic idea of her educational system took shape - children needed a special environment that would help them develop necessary skills.
In Montessori left the Orthophrenic School and immersed herself in her own studies of educational philosophy and anthropology. In she took up a post as a lecturer at the Pedagogic School of the University of Rome, which she held until During this period Rome was growing very rapidly, and in the fever of speculative development, some construction companies were going bankrupt, leaving unfinished building projects which quickly attracted squatters.
Maria montessori short biography: Maria Montessori was born on 31 August in the town of Chiaravalle, Italy. Her father, Alessandro, was an accountant in the civil service, and her mother, Renilde Stoppani, was well educated and had a passion for reading.
One such development, which stood in the San Lorenzo district, was rescued by a group of wealthy bankers who undertook a basic restoration, dividing larger apartments into small units for impoverished working families. With parents out at work all day, the younger children wreaked havoc on the newly completed buildings. This prompted the developers to approach Maria Montessori to provide ways of occupying the children during the day to prevent further damage to the premises.
A small opening ceremony was organised, but few had any expectations for the project.
What Montessori came to realise was that children who were placed in an environment where activities were designed to support their natural development had the power to educate themselves. She was later to refer to this as auto-education. The children in the Casa dei Bambini made extraordinary progress, and soon 5-year-olds were writing and reading.
By the autumn of there were five Case dei Bambini operating, four in Rome and one in Milan. Within a year the Italian-speaking part of Switzerland began transforming its kindergartens into Case dei Bambini, and the spread of the new educational approach began. In the summer of Maria Montessori gave the first training course in her approach to around students.
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Her notes from this period became her first book, published that same year in Italy, which appeared in translation in the United States in as The Montessori Method, reaching second place on the U. Soon afterwards it was translated into 20 different languages. It has become a major influence in the field of education.
A period of great expansion in the Montessori approach now followed. Before and during WWI she travelled three times to America, where there was much interest for her original approach to education. Her son Mario accompanied her during the last two journeys.
Her son and his new wife joined her, and her four grandchildren spent their formative years there: two boys, Mario Jr and Rolando, and two girls, Marilena and Renilde. Renilde, her youngest grandchild, was until the General Secretary and then President until of the Association Montessori Internationale, the organisation set up by Maria Montessori in to continue her work.
Maria nursed an ambition to create a permanent centre for research and development into her approach to early-years education, but any possibility of this happening in her lifetime in Spain was thwarted by the rise of fascism in Europe.